![]() ![]() Polkadot – blockchain-based computing platform that enables blockchains built on top of it to execute transactions between themselves, creating an interconnected internet of blockchains.Cosmos – an ecosystem of interoperate blockchains.NEAR – Layer 1 blockchain, can write smart contracts in Rust or Assemblyscript.Solana – high throughput, inexpensive transactions, fast block times, but harder to learn than EVM (Rust).Optimistic rollups: Arbitrum & Optimism – Ethereum layer 2s, EVM compatible (learn more about the differences between optimistic and ZK rollups here). ![]() ZK rollups: ZKSync, Starknet, Hermez – High throughput Ethereum layer 2s, but not natively EVM compatible.Ethereum – original smart contract platform.You probably can’t really go wrong learning either, but for the beginner I’d say that Solidity will still be the better choice if someone asked me today.īeyond that advice, here is an incomplete sample of blockchains that have a solid combination of technology, utility, community, momentum, and future viability: That being said, Rust is beginning to become more and more popular in the blockchain world, with Solana, NEAR, Polkadot, and others having first class Rust support. ![]() Using this skillset (and tech stack), you can build not only for Ethereum, but other Ethereum Layer 2s, sidechains, and even other blockchains like Avalanche, Fantom, and Celo. In the Blockchain world, learning Solidity and the EVM (or ethereum virtual machine) might be the best bet when getting started as a blockchain developer. Following this idea I can gain the most traction and momentum while learning something new in the shortest amount of time. i.e., what is the most efficient way to get the most out of that amount of time and effort. One thing that is often important to me when learning something new is the idea of applying the Pareto principle to what I’m learning. ![]() There is no single one that is “the best”, instead you should consider the various tradeoffs between them. There are countless blockchains that you can choose to build on. Let’s start diving into the web3 stack, broken into this set of categories:
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